Trigger warning: Suicide, depression
In the last couple of months, multiple reports of deaths due to severe and undue work pressure has put impact of high-pressure environments in Indian workplaces under spotlight. In October this year, a 42-year-old worker at Bajaj Finance died by suicide, citing unbearable work pressure and mental torture by his seniors in his suicide note.
In his suicide note, Tarun Saxena details his struggles to meet recovery targets, despite his best efforts, and the humiliation he faced from his seniors, as per media reports. “I have not slept for 45 days. I have hardly eaten. I am under a lot of stress. Senior managers are pressuring me to meet targets at any cost or quit,” he mentioned.
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Prior to this, a Tamil Nadu-based software engineer electrocuted himself on Thursday after facing ‘depression due to work pressure’. Karthikeyan had previously complained of depression due to work pressure, as reported by Mint.
The death of 26-year-old Anna Sebastian Perayil, an employee at consulting firm, Ernst & Young (EY), led to a massive uproar and highlighted the need to relook at employee well-being. A letter penned by Anna’s mother created a furore on social media.
She urged the leadership to reconsider a work culture that “appears to glorify overwork while overlooking the human being behind the role.” She shared that her daughter, Anna, consistently worked late into the night and even during weekends, leaving her with “no opportunity to catch her breath.”
According to the World Health Organization (WHO), Almost 60 percent of the world population is in work and all workers have the right to a safe and healthy environment at work.
Meanwhile, for people with mental health conditions, decent work can contribute to recovery and inclusion, improve confidence and social functioning, WHO maintains. Doctors and health experts maintain that working in a negative environment can have the opposite effect and take a heavy toll on your emotional health. It it noteworthy that long hours, understaffing, a lack of support, and harassment in the workplace can increase your stress levels and contribute to mental health problems such as anxiety, depression, and substance abuse.
Meanwhile, studies suggest that these issues have only been exacerbated by the pandemic and the major shifts in our working habits over the last couple of years.
A look at impact of workplace environment on mental health: India vs World
Work culture plays a significant role in shaping employees’ mental health, influencing their overall well-being, job satisfaction, and productivity. “A positive work culture, one that promotes collaboration, respect, and support, can enhance psychological well-being and contribute to a healthier, more engaged workforce. In contrast, a toxic or unhealthy work culture often leads to high stress, anxiety, and burnout, impacting both mental and physical health,” Dr. Rituparna Ghosh – Consultant Senior Clinical Psychologist, Apollo Hospitals Navi Mumbai told Financial Express.com.
Globally, countries like Ireland, the U.S., and Scandinavian nations have made considerable strides in addressing mental health in the workplace. According to Dr. Ghosh, these countries have integrated wellness programs and employee-centric policies, resulting in better mental health outcomes for workers.
However, in India, while awareness around mental health at work is growing, the implementation of supportive policies remains inconsistent, she revealed.
“The work culture in India is often marked by long working hours, high-pressure environments, and a lack of proper work-life balance, which can exacerbate stress and mental health issues. The pandemic has only heightened these challenges, underscoring the need for mental health support in workplaces across India,” she added.
In my professional experience, the influence of work culture on mental health is one of the most critical challenges faced by young professionals in India today, Dr Nimesh G. Desai, Independent Consultant in Psychiatry and Public Mental Health, former Director, IHBAS Delhi revealed.
“The glorification of overwork and the relentless pressure to excel often come at the expense of employee well-being. I have observed that women, in particular, face compounded challenges due to societal expectations of balancing work and home responsibilities, which significantly adds to their stress levels. The “Emotional Wellness State of Employees” report by YourDOST highlights that 64% of employees aged 21-30 experience high stress, which underscores the urgency of addressing this issue,” Dr. Desai told Financial Express.com.
He also warned that the rising cases of burnout and workplace-related suicides are stark reminders of how toxic environments can harm mental health.
“I believe it is essential for organizations to prioritize creating a culture that values employee well-being alongside productivity. Addressing systemic issues such as excessive workloads, lack of recognition, and the stigma surrounding mental health is crucial. Healthier and happier employees not only perform better but also contribute to a more sustainable and productive workplace,” he said.
What is the impact of poor work culture on mental health?
Everyone have bad days from time to time. You may have difficulty focusing, feel overly stressed, irritable, or unappreciated, or lack the energy and motivation to complete even the most basic task. However, if you continue to feel this way day after day, it can be a red flag that something is wrong.
“Poor work culture can have severe repercussions on mental health. Employees working in toxic environments often experience stress, anxiety, depression, and burnout. These psychological conditions not only affect work performance but can also result in emotional exhaustion, poor physical health, and strained relationships. In some cases, prolonged exposure to such a culture can lead to more severe mental health issues,” Dr. Ghosh told Financial Express.com.
In India, employees face challenges such as micromanagement, lack of recognition, and poor communication, which contribute significantly to stress, she highlighted.
Meanwhile, Dr. Desai pointed out that poor work culture has far-reaching consequences, not only for employees but also for organizations and society as a whole.
“High-pressure environments in Indian workplaces often lead to psychiatric disorders and long-term absenteeism, which are detrimental to both individuals and businesses. Stressors such as heavy workloads, lack of support, and unclear expectations create a toxic environment where employees feel undervalued and overburdened. These issues can escalate into broader economic problems, as lost productivity and increased healthcare costs place a significant burden on organizations and the economy,” he told Financial Express.com.
What companies can do for their employees’ mental health?
To address these issues, organizations must prioritize fostering a supportive and inclusive work environment, Dr. Ghosh emphasised. According to Dr. Ghosh, providing mental health resources such as counseling, stress management workshops, and Employee Assistance Programs (EAPs) can be vital in helping employees cope.
“Additionally, encouraging a culture of open communication where employees feel comfortable discussing their concerns can reduce stigma and create a safer space for mental health discussions. Establishing clear boundaries between work and personal life is also essential to prevent burnout, especially in a country where work expectations can often be overwhelming,” she said.
Many organizations in India have started recognising the importance of mental health and are introducing measures to support employee well-being, Dr Ghosh revealed.
“Leading companies have begun offering mental health services like counseling and therapy sessions, while some are incorporating mental health awareness training into their employee development programs. Flexible working arrangements, such as remote work and flexible hours, are also being encouraged to help employees manage stress and improve their work-life balance,” she said.
Organizations like Tata Consultancy Services (TCS) and Infosys are setting an example by offering in-house counseling services and stress management workshops, she informed.
“Additionally, the implementation of mental health awareness campaigns and peer support programs is becoming more common, with employees acting as mental health ambassadors within their teams. These measures are aimed at creating a more inclusive, empathetic work environment where employees feel safe to seek help and discuss their mental health concerns without fear of judgment,” Dr. Ghosh told Financial Express.com.
Dr Desai suggested that companies must adopt targeted strategies to address these challenges, such as implementing wellness programs and fostering open communication about mental health.
“By creating a supportive environment, organizations can mitigate the negative effects of poor work culture and promote healthier, more productive workplaces,” he said.
‘Legal framework around workplace mental health is underdeveloped’
There is a pressing need for policy and regulatory changes in India to prioritize mental health in the workplace. At present, the legal framework around workplace mental health is underdeveloped, and organizations are not always required to provide mental health support or resources, Dr. Ghosh explained.
“Key changes that could help include mandating that all organizations offer access to mental health services like counseling and therapy. Furthermore, mental health should be included in occupational health and safety regulations, with employers held accountable for providing a healthy work environment that supports employees’ psychological well-being,” she told Financial Express.com.
She also said that expanding employee health insurance policies to cover mental health treatment is also a crucial step toward providing employees with the support they need. Additionally, introducing anti-discrimination policies to protect employees with mental health conditions would encourage more individuals to seek help without the fear of stigma.
“Governments could also incentivize organizations to adopt mental health-friendly practices by offering tax benefits or certifications to companies that implement robust mental health programs. These policy changes would not only enhance employees’ well-being but also contribute to greater organizational productivity and employee retention,” she told Financial Express.com.
The importance of mental health in the workplace cannot be overstated. A mentally healthy workforce is more engaged, productive, and creative. However, organizations must move beyond offering surface-level programs and adopt a more holistic approach to employee well-being, she emphasised.
Leadership plays a vital role in setting the tone for workplace culture. Leaders must act as role models by fostering an open, empathetic, and supportive work environment that prioritizes mental health.
“In India, there is still considerable stigma surrounding mental health, which prevents many employees from seeking help. Workplaces have a critical role to play in normalizing these conversations and creating an environment where employees feel safe and supported. By prioritizing mental health, organizations can not only ensure the well-being of their employees but also contribute to the long-term success of the business,” she added.
Meanwhile, Dr. Desai told Financial Express.com policy and regulatory changes are essential for fostering mental health in the workplace.
“Integrating mental health into occupational safety standards is long overdue in India. Employees should have access to mental health resources and protections against discrimination for conditions such as depression or PTSD. Early identification and treatment of mental health issues through workplace initiatives can prevent them from escalating into larger problems. Organizations must also address non-disorder stressors, such as heavy workloads, through targeted programs that promote well-being. By enacting these policies, organizations can demonstrate their commitment to employee welfare and set a standard for others to follow,” he said.
A comprehensive approach to mental health policy will not only benefit employees but also contribute to a healthier and more productive workforce, he added.
What are signs and symptoms of a mental health issue at work?
While the symptoms of mental health problems can vary wildly according to the condition, it is important to be aware of certain changes. If you identify with several of the following symptoms in yourself or in a work colleague, it could indicate that it’s time to reach out for help:
- Decline in your performance at work
- Trouble concentrating and thinking
- Changes in your appetite or sleeping patterns
- Changes in your mood
- Fear or nervousness
- Increased sensitivity
- Unusual behavior
- Unexplained aches and pains
How to care for your mental health at work?
When you’re feeling stressed and overwhelmed at work, you should try to take some time away to recharge and avoid burnout. But if you are a persistent mental health issue, such as depression or anxiety you should get immediate help. Here some tips that can help:
- Take regular breaks throughout the day and switching off your screens when the work day is over.
- Practicing a relaxation technique such as meditation, deep breathing, rhythmic exercise, or yoga can reduce the effects of stress.
- Take care of yourself by getting enough quality sleep at night, eating a healthy, nutritious diet, and regularly exercising.
- Developing mutually supportive relationships with your coworkers can help ease stress and improve your mood.
“Addressing workplace mental health requires both individual and systemic interventions, and I believe both are equally important to create a supportive work environment. Regular mental health training for managers can be transformative, as it equips them to better understand and support their teams. Open communication channels about mental health are also essential, as they encourage employees to seek help without fear of stigma or judgment,” Dr. Desai told Financial Express.com.
Organizations must take proactive steps to normalize these conversations and create a safe space for employees.
“Improving mental health in the workplace benefits everyone—it leads to higher engagement, better productivity, and a more positive work culture. A holistic approach to mental health is not just a necessity but a responsibility for organizations aiming to thrive in today’s competitive world,” he added.
DISCLAIMER: If you or someone you know is struggling with their mental health or in distress contact the Vandrevala Foundation’s helpline (+91-9999666555) which is available in 11 languages including English and can be accessed via telephone or WhatsApp 24×7. You can also contact Fortis Hospital’s National Helpline number 91-8376804102 which is available 24×7. You can also contact the Government Mental Health Rehabilitation Helpline ‘KIRAN’ at 18005990019 which is available 24×7.
